We investigate to what extent the probability that a Specific Trade Concern (STC) is raised in the WTO against a Member … such 'trade policy substitution' only occurs when the country maintaining the measure at issue is economically developed …

The Trade Policy Reviews conducted in the Western Hemisphere over 1989-2009 contain a wealth of information that puts … operation of the Trade Policy Review Mechanism. Those Reviews show that trade liberalization came hand-in-hand with internal … reforms, and was generally of an autonomous nature and an intrinsic component of improved economic management. Trade …

The United States introduced Federal Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) as part of the 1962 Trade Expansion Act to … dampen the adverse impact of increased trade on workers. Applications to receive TAA require approval from the Department of …

The phased elimination of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement has been one of the most compelling trade policy reforms of the …

This paper examines the changing relationship between trade policy, production networks, and economic growth in Asia …. It traces East Asia’s rise to the coveted "Factory Asia" league with rapid growth over several decades through trade … Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and a multilateral approach under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT …

This paper explores the role of country asymmetries for trade and industrial policies with heterogeneous firms. Our … analysis delivers a number of novel results. First, trade policies, infrastructure policies and industrial policies which …, symmetric trade liberalization is immiserizing for a trading partner whose business conditions are inferior. Third, there are …

gains are: (i) trade facilitation and reduction in border costs; (ii) services liberalization; and (iii) standards … impact on Armenia of a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA) with the EU, as well as further regional or … multilateral trade policy commitments. The authors find that a DCFTA with the EU will likely result in substantial gains to Armenia …

integration between the European Union and developing countries by removing barriers to trade: trade preferences and trade … practitioners and researchers in both areas, the paper concludes that while at least some trade preferences actually have been less … of a failure than their reputation suggests, trade facilitation is a far more promising policy option for the future …

This paper evaluates the macroeconomic effects on the UK and the euro area of an increase in trade tariffs associated …-negligible amount; second, the macroeconomic costs for the UK are reduced if it decides unilaterally not to increase tariffs on imports … from the euro area and to reduce those on imports from the RW; third, the macroeconomic costs are particularly high if the …

The paper looks at how trade reform has gone in Peru and Argentina since the reforms of the 1990s. Peru provides a … valuable example of sustaining reform. Argentina, on the other hand, has gone back to a protectionist trade regime that eschews …