This paper analyzes the impact of the measures aimed at protecting residential consumers on the performance of residential retail energy (electricity and gas) markets in Europe. Our sample includes the ten countries that opened up the retail markets to households in electricity, gas, or both,...

We compare a carbon tax and a cap and trade mechanism in their propensity to induce carbon-reducing technological adoption, when investments are undertaken under uncertainty. In our setting, risk-neutral firms affect the variance and the correlation of the shocks they are exposed to through...

We study optimal cartel prices in a two-sided market. We present a simple model showing that prices above the two-sided monopoly price may prevail on one side of a two-sided market as a means to enhance the sustainability of the cartel. We prove that in such a case a higher benefit from the...