This paper develops a stylized model of cross-border balancing. We distinguish three degrees of cooperation: autarky, reserves exchange and reserves sharing. The model shows that TSO cooperation reduces costs. The gains of cooperation increase with cost asymmetry and decrease with correlation of...

This paper develops a stylized model of cross-border balancing. We distinguish three degrees of cooperation: autarky, reserves exchange and reserves sharing. The model shows that TSO cooperation reduces costs. The gains of cooperation increase with cost asymmetry and decrease with correlation of...

A set of design variables is used to define balancing market design. Performance criteria are defined and the market designs are evaluated using weights and scores for each performance criterion. It is concluded that solutions based on trading between Balancing Service Providers and Transmission...

В данной статье изложена авторская позиция относительно возможности использования учета форвардно-фьючерсных операций торговых сделок на оптовом рынке...

The presence of renewable power generation technologies increases the need for system flexibility due to their variable nature. The increasing share of variable renewables in European power systems create a downward adequacy problem, which deals with the ability of power systems to cope with...

As a key component of the balancing market, balance settlement links the physical layer of electricity balance with financial fund equilibrium. Imbalance funds pertain to costs that emerge from the balancing settlement process and, lacking a clearly defined responsible entity, require...