Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) processes have become very popular as models for financial return data because they are able to capture volatility clustering as well as leptokurtic unconditional distributions which result from the assumption of conditionally...

Background and objective Developing harmonious doctor-patient relationships is a powerful way to promote the construction of a new pattern of medical reform in developing countries. We aim to analyze the effects of China's hierarchical medical system on doctor-patient relationships, thus...

The cost-effective, large area Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers (CNTs–CNFs) film was synthesized on graphite substrate by low pressure and low temperature thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Successful removal of Fe3+ from water by electrosorption of CNTs–CNFs films was achieved. The...

In a field experiment in the Yellow River Basin conducted in 2007 and 2008, it was found that, under full irrigation, the roots of maize not only penetrated deeper than those of soybean but also extended into soybean stands underneath the space between inner rows of soybean. The roots of...

Electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) film electrodes and gel polymer/polyacid electrolytes have been demonstrated. The low-cost CNTs film is directly grown on Cu–Ni current collector by low pressure and low temperature thermal chemical vapor deposition. The...

Dummy endogenous variables are commonly encountered in program evaluations using observational data. Motivated by the increasing availability of rich micro data, we develop a two-stage approach to estimate the dummy endogenous treatment effect using high-dimensional instrumental variables (IV)....

The autobiographical study revealed three Ph.D. students and inservice teachers' perceptions of curriculum theorizing. Three teachers in the study are one from China, one in the United States and one from Saudi Arabia. Reflective journals, written philosophies of curriculum theorizing, and...

This paper proposes an quasi maximum likelihood estimator (QMLE) for effective spread by approximating the distribution of the logarithm of price range with a normal distribution based on Roll's price model and also investigates the statistical properties of the QMLE. Besides, Monte Carlo...