Agricultural production is strongly conditioned by the fact that inputs are transformed into outputs with considerable time lags, causing the rural household to balance its budget during the season when there are high expenditures for input purchases and consumption and few revenues. With...

Agricultural production is strongly conditioned by the fact that inputs are transformed into outputs with considerable time lags, causing the rural household to balance its budget during the season when there are high expenditures for input purchases and consumption and few revenues. With...

CHINA is currently the world largest emitter of energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2). Understanding the driving forces governing CO2 emission levels and their evolutions in China can provide useful information for policy makers who aim to reduce green house gas emissions. Because of policy and...

Chinese rural household has been always facing credit constraints. Few institutions lend loans to farmers because of financial risks. Farmers have to use usury or other informal sources to meet the financial needs for production. This credit constraint has been forcing farmers to deviate from...

Esterification of free fatty acids with alcohols catalytic by acid catalysts can synthesize sustainable production of biofuel. In this work, 12-tungstophosphoric acid was modified by picolinic acid to prepare solid acid catalyst (PA-HPW) and applied to the esterification, which was proved to be...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamics of the spot freight rate in the Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) shipping market. The spot freight rate process is nonparametrically specified so that the model allows for maximal flexibility in fitting the data. The model is estimated using...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate whether a Lean Six Sigma (LSS) leadership model could be effectively utilized to resolve efficiency and effective issues like rising costs, quality of education, graduation and retention rates encountered in higher education...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of credit constraints on agricultural productivity in China. Design/methodology/approach – Using data from a rural financial survey, a switching regression model is used to account for endogeneity and heterogeneity. Carter presents...

Land is not only a basic factor of production and an important space carrier, but also a key tool to control the development of urban economy. While the phenomenon of land participation in regulation exists generally in China, the theory of supporting regulation and the effect of regulation are...