females who commit the same crime and have the same prior criminal record be sentenced equally. Using data obtained from the … United States Sentencing Commission's records, we examine whether there exists any gender-based bias in criminal sentencing …

crime bill did not aggravate the preexisting racial disparity in imprisonment. California's experience has been strongly …

discrimination leads to an increase in crime rates under plausible conditions. This suggests that societies in which membership to … crime rates. Attempting to fix the negative impacts of statistical discrimination through policies that reduce the … visibility of criminal records increases crime rates further. Moreover, such policies cause a greater negative effect for law …

prison inmates. Whether and to what degree these disparities are due to bias in the criminal courts remains a contentious … issue. This article pursues two lines of argument toward a structural account of bias in the criminal law, focusing on (1 … accruing to black and Latino defendants, but do not support the contextual hypotheses. When the cumulative effects of bias are …

setting avoids the potential bias from unobservable case characteristics by exploiting the random assignment of judges to … agreements, thereby allowing us to distinguish judicial bias from other sources of ethnic disparities. We find systematic … evidence of in-group (same ethnic group) bias in detention decisions. However, in cases where the decision is to detain, no …

sentences for even first-time offenders, but also because the eligibility quantities for crack are very small when compared to … large fraction of mandatory minimum eligible offenders, particularly first-time offenders, are able to avoid these mandatory … minimums. Moreover, despite lower quantity eligibility thresholds for crack, a smaller fraction of crack offenders are eligible …