community level. -- household productivity ; ecological sanitation ; UDDT ; Mali ; fertilizer ; matching …In many parts of the world, soils poor in nutrients are farmed with little addition of fertilizer, further depleting … sanitation and at recycling nutrients as fertilizer. This human fertilizer may act as a substitute for artificial fertilizers …

Does high fertility contribute to child malnutrition in poor countries? We test this hypothesis using unanticipated … fertility reductions caused by secondary infertility. Though not randomly assigned, we argue that infertility should be largely … decline in malnutrition may be attributable to fertility reductions. …

We study the impact of differential fertility levels for the food-insecure and foodsecure population on the long …-secure population is only promoted by low fertility levels of the food-insecure and food-secure population. …