due to the burning of bituminous coal for heat. We estimate the effects of this bituminous coal consumption on mortality … within-state changes in mortality in non-winter months as an additional control group. Our estimates suggest that reductions … in the use of bituminous coal for heating between 1945 and 1960 decreased winter all-age mortality by 1.25 percent and …

at age 40 to 50. However, we show that among infants, children, and young adults, mortality has been falling more quickly … in poorer areas with the result that inequality in mortality has fallen substantially over time. This is an important … that today's children are likely to face considerably less inequality in mortality as they age than current adults. We also …

geographic inequality in mortality for midlife Americans increased by about 70 percent from 1992 to 2016. This was not simply … the largest health gains during the last several decades. Nor was higher dispersion in mortality caused entirely by the …, state-level mortality has become increasingly correlated with state-level income; in 1992 income explained only 3 percent of …