In 2019, along with the amendment of the Law No 6493, account information service providers (“AISPs”) and payment initiation service providers (“PISPs”) were granted legal recognition in Turkey for the first time. However, although PISPs and AISPs may now be established in Turkey, the...

Turkish Abstract: Hub-and-spoke kartelleri Türkiye gündemine geçtiğimiz yıl beş zincir market ve bir bitkisel yağ üreticisinin Rekabet Kurulu'dan 2,7 milyar lira para cezası almasıyla gelmişti. Bizler bu kısa makalede, hub-and-spoke tipi danışıklıkları iktisadi ve hukuki...

The European Union and China have been negotiating an investment agreement with a comprehensive scope including the improvement of market access conditions for investors. Albeit a pressing issue, progress has been plagued with challenges. The problems regarding access especially to Chinese...

Pandemic-induced economic shocks saw the European Commission and national competition authorities adopt so-called comfort letters to provide guidance, assurance, and legal certainty to undertakings in order to help mitigate the detrimental effects of the crisis. Whereas it is true that desperate...

This Article aims to delineate the extent to which potentially anticompetitive behavior that simultaneously improve user privacy are cognizable as efficiencies or objective justifications within the context of unilateral conduct cases in European competition law. After mapping the existing...

Do established firms buy new businesses to take out future competition? Recent works in economics literature use “killer acquisitions” as a graphic concept to describe these transactions. How concerned should competition policy be? The answer to this question hinges on how much the...

It is well-known fact that the infrastructure and transaction costs are quite high for the undertakings who operates in the broadband internet access services market. Thus, it is crystal clear that the recent regulations of the Information and Communication Technologies Authority (“ICTA”) do...

In 2015 many developments were staged ranging from legislative works to sector reports, precedent setting decisions to approximately 25 new investigations. During 2015 the Turkish Competition Authority closely monitored the daily commercial decisions and behaviors of dominant firms. In...

The public private partnership (PPP) is one of the investment models recently used notably in the healthcare sector in Turkey, with the aim of ensuring better and qualified infrastructure service in that sector as well as in other sectors. Since PPP contracts are long term contracts, and there...