We test how a reduction in travel cost affects the rate and direction of scientific research. Using a fine-grained, scientist-level dataset within chemistry (1991-2012), we find that after Southwest Airlines enters a new route, scientific collaboration increases by 50%, an effect that is...

We test how a reduction in travel cost affects the rate and direction of scientific research. Using a fine-grained, scientist-level dataset within chemistry (1991-2012), we find that after Southwest Airlines enters a new route, scientific collaboration increases by 50%, an effect that is...

We develop a simple theoretical framework for thinking about how geographic frictions, and in particular travel costs, shape scientists' collaboration decisions and the types of projects that are developed locally versus over distance. We then take advantage of a quasi-experiment - the...

Artificial Intelligence is a disruptive technology developed during the 20th century, which has undergone an accelerated evolution, underpinning solutions to complex problems in the business world. Neural Networks, Machine Learning, or Deep Learning are concepts currently associated with terms...

For most organizations, the vast amount of carbon emissions occur in their supply chain and in the post-sale processing, usage, and end of life treatment of a product, collectively labelled scope 3 emissions. In this paper, we train machine learning algorithms on 15 reported types of scope 3...

Climate change and mitigation, carbon reduction -- Combined heat and power and district heating systems -- Control and optimization of renewable energy systems -- Energy and environmental assessment in buildings and cities -- Food safety and quality engineering -- Information technology and...