delayed pass-through of tariffs into import prices could cause such prolonged differential import growth. We examine how … U.S. import growth in 1989{2016 using detailed product-level data on tariff phase-out in the original treaties. We find …

taxes, excise taxes and import tariffs expressed both in dollars per litre of alcohol and as a percentage of what the …

model that incorporates bilateral tariffs and a number of indicators for the quality of infrastructure. The paper looks at … estimators, multilateral resistances for tariffs and remoteness are introduced in the gravity equation. Moreover, the robustness … included. The results can be summarised in four main findings: (i) bilateral tariffs, generally neglected in gravity regression …

currently applied tariffs are "too high," the implication being that there are still tariff reductions out there for an … agreement like the WTO to facilitate. These three areas include applied tariffs for countries that are not members of the WTO …, applied tariffs for WTO members that are unbound, and applied tariffs for WTO members set in the presence of large amounts of …

represented 83% of the world's population and 91% of the world's GDP in 2013. We address five questions: Do some countries have … more liberal trading regimes than others? Within countries, which industries receive the most import protection? How do …, how liberalized is world trade? Our analysis documents the extent of cross-sectional heterogeneity in applied commercial …

Historically, tariffs have been an attractive policy tool to protect domestic industries. The benefits of such a policy …

non-cooperative policies within a single framework. First, we compare the elasticity of trade flows to import tariffs and … in import tariffs by 1 percentage point reduces imports by around 1.4 percent. Hence the two instruments are not …