clues of a partial cartel. Based on the theoretical model, we argue that measures of the shape of a distribution (such as …

cartel functioned and how firms may have communicated. Calibrating the dynamic enforcement constraint confirms that collusion …Under collusion, firms deviate from current profit maximization in anticipation of future rewards. As current profit … implementation, of a reform that potentially made collusion harder to sustain. After ruling out confounders, we uncover how the …