Non-bank financing provides an important funding source for the economy and is a valuable alternative to traditional banking. It helps enhance the efficiency and resiliency of the financial system while giving customers more choices for their financial services. Unlike banking, it is not...

This is the fourth of the Financial Markets Department's descriptions of Canadian financial industrial organization. The paper discusses the organization of the securities lending market in Canada. We outline key characteristics of securities lending contracts, participants in the securities...

This paper finds that Government of Canada benchmark bonds tend to be more illiquid over the subsequent month when there is a large increase in government debt supply. The result is both statistically and economically significant, stronger for the long-term than the short-term sector, and is...

This paper discusses how the bankers' acceptance (BA) market in Canada is organized and its essential link to the Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (CDOR). Globally, BAs are a niche product used only in a limited number of jurisdictions. In Canada, BAs provide a key source of funding for small and...

Prudential liquidity requirements are a relatively recent regulatory tool on the international front, introduced as part of the Basel III accord in the form of a liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and a net stable funding ratio (NSFR). I first discuss the rationale for regulating bank liquidity by...

In this paper, we present a novel method to extract the risk-neutral probability of default of a firm from American put option prices. Building on the idea of a default corridor proposed in Carr and Wu (2011), we derive a parsimonious closed-form formula for American put option prices from which...

In den Wirtschaftswissenschaften werden Risiken häufig mit dichotomen Zufallsvariablen modelliert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird an Fallbeispielen untersucht, unter welchen Bedingungen für das Gesamtrisiko eines inhomogenen Portfolios von stochastisch unabhängigen dichotomen Risiken...

During and after the Great Recession of 2008-09, conventional monetary policy in the United States and many other advanced economies was constrained by the effective lower bound (ELB) on nominal interest rates. Several central banks implemented large-scale asset purchase (LSAP) programs, more...

New bank regulations include macroprudential policies to control bank loan growth. We find bank funding costs and supervisory monitoring intensity to be the most important determinants of loan growth followed by loan portfolio performance and bank profitability. Bank capital and liquidity ratios...

In his new book, Peter Wallison argues the Dodd-Frank Act was the result of a false narrative about the 2008 financial crisis, blaming the crisis on the private sectors when in fact it was caused by the US government’s housing policies. This was not harmless error; the act will suppress...