Based on a questionnaire survey of 30 banks and related financial institutions in Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City and Can Tho. Identifies the credit demand by micro and small enterprises versus the lending supply by banks and credit or donor institutions. Recommends provision of appropriate training...

The fact that in 1989 Poland transformed from centrally planned economy into market economy brought about radical changes in the functioning of the entire national economy together with its particular markets. As human capital plays a leading role in managing, labour market is a basic element of...

The world’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050. Climate change, population, and income growth will drive food demand in the coming decades. Baseline scenarios show food prices for maize, rice, and wheat would significantly increase between 2005 and 2050, and the number of...

The study analyses trends in the market for consumer credit during the crisis, relying on data by CRIF referring to demand for personal and special-purpose loans and to contracts signed between 2007 and 2013 in Italy (55 and 37 million respectively). The analysis shows how the sharp reduction in...

Half a decade of crisis has had a substantial impact on the market for credit to Italian households. From 2008 through 2012 the share of indebted households decreased by 4 percentage points, to 23 per cent; among young households it fell by 12 points. The decline involved consumer credit and...

According to international experts, a country’s demand for metals follows its GDP per capita trend. Taking into consideration China’s position as the main consumer of metals worldwide and the corollary that its demand will keep on increasing at least until its GDP per capital level doubles...

We analyze two reasons for export prices to be different across markets--namely, quality differentiation and variable markups--and attempt to parse their relative importance and some of their underlying drivers. To overcome the substantial measurement issues in this task, we consider a...

Market expectations of future supply and demand are important in determining current prices for agricultural products such as corn, which are harvested annually and stored for later use. Prices can quickly move when beliefs change—due to new data, for example—even if events far in the future...

A double auction game with an infinite number of buyers and sellers is introduced. All sellers posses one unit of a good, all buyers desire to buy one unit. Each seller and each buyer has a private valuation of the good. The distribution of the valuations define supply and demand functions. One...