This report contains an overview of the relevant economic research literature on the digital transformation of news markets and the impact on the quality of news. It compares various definitions of fake news, including false news and other types of disinformation and finds that there is no...

This study quantitatively examines how the term "fake news" is being portrayed by the Japanese news media using semantic network analysis. It uses newspapers as the representative as they are still one of the most influential news media in Japan. The data set consists of 624 newspaper articles...

We construct a Hotelling-type model of two media providers, each of whom can issue fake and/or real news and each of whom can invest in the debunking of their rival's fake news. The model assumes that consumers have an innate preference for one provider or the other and value real news. However,...