In early 2020, the rapid spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) quickly developed into a pandemic. This was followed by a … integration. This helps to distinguish between the main phases of the pandemic. The third aim of the paper is to review how the …

-19 pandemic in European countries. Since uncertainty is not directly observable, we use two alternative methods to …

The COVID-19 pandemic led many emerging market central banks to adopt, for the first time, unconventional policies in …

(speculative) trading on the volatility of the financial markets with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. Our tests are based on the … the pandemic. Our results are robust to a variety of time-series and panel tests, various multivariate estimation …

Are pandemics systemically important to modern-day financial markets? This study uses the COVID-19 pandemic as a …, and the vast majority of firms decreased in value at the pandemic's onset. I also find that the pandemic triggered …

This paper examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on stock returns, CDS and economic activity in the US and the … activity in all countries in the early stages of the pandemic (especially in Italy), and a positive one on CDS at the same time …

This paper provides novel information on the propagation of the pandemic-induced real shock to firms' financial …

Since the recent outbreak of the COVID-19, South Korea has demonstrated successful pandemic management that can be … exemplary to other countries. This paper analyzes how South Korea’s responses to the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the … the positive recognition of South Korea’s pandemic management by the European public. Part of the positive appraisal can …

Since the recent outbreak of the COVID-19, South Korea has demonstrated successful pandemic management that can be … exemplary to other countries. This paper analyzes how South Korea’s responses to the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the … the positive recognition of South Korea’s pandemic management by the European public. Part of the positive appraisal can …