supported by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have come into view. Since then, the member states have … pressured both organizations to implement environmental concerns. We analyze the reactions of the World Bank and the IMF …-loop). In a second step we describe the efforts of the bureaucracies of the World Bank (from the 1970s until today) and the IMF …

This volume, fourth in a series of periodic histories of the institution, is as much a history of the world economy … during 1979-89 as one of the IMF itself. Boughton discusses the IMF’s surveillance of the international monetary system in … the 1980s; the Fund’s role in the international debt crisis of the 1980s, and IMF lending in support of structural …

powerful Financial Stability Board, and augmenting the financial resources of the IMF. However, the international financial … architecture remains inadequate for the needs of many emerging market economies. The effectiveness of IMF surveillance …