that more competition in the upstream market (e.g., by relaxing patent protection against the appearance of similar …We assume a multistage oligopoly wherein a given number of innovators compete by selling their substitutive … strategy equilibria, we derive drastically different policy implications, in terms of patent regulations. Our results suggest …

The literature on the licensing of an innovation has mainly focused on some specific contract types. We show within the …

context, open source software enables firms to avoid quality competition as they can cooperate on quality without an explicit … model that combines aspects of non-cooperative R&D with the theory of differentiated oligopolies: In stage one, firms …