The Tobacco Control Act (Public Law 111-31), signed into law on June 22, 2009, will require graphic images of the negative impact of smoking to be placed on all cigarette packages and advertisements in the United States (U.S.). The policy evaluation tries to answer two main questions: “Why is...

This article explores whether a relationship exists between the skill shortages that a market faces, and the wages in the market, using both pseudo panel and individual wage equations over the period 2004-2014. Both sets of results suggest that workers in markets with higher levels of skill...

This article identifies the alternative employment modes of older workers in the European Union. Against a background of changing levels of labour force participation and declining employment opportunities the paper describes and discusses the relative significance for older workers of...

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has generated a new discourse of political risks, which has emerged at the same time as rising geopolitical contest between the United States and China. While some risks, such as claimed “debt traps” appear to date, at least, to be lacking evidence,...

The development of consumer protection in Saudi Arabia is of interest for a number of reasons. First, Saudi Arabia presents a unique combination of size, stage of development of the economy and wealth, coupled with strictness of Islamic observance. Second, consumer protection in the Saudi...

After decades of growing complex interdependence, a new discourse of geopolitical contest has replaced optimism about globalisation and international cooperation. The likely future role of China is at the centre of this discourse. Meanwhile China is developing new forms of interdependence,...

The author attempts in this article to compare some economic aspects of own and manufacturers' brands, in an attempt to shed light on some of the broader issues in the economics of marketing. The choice of brand policy is complex, depending on demand — and supply — side variables. Simple...

Spotlights consumer complaints as an important signalling device — government action is undertaken as a result of them and they provide an index of consumer dissatisfaction which increases in importance as further data becomes available. Ranges across data relating to England and Wales which...