poverty which are robust to the assumptions made about the economies of scale within households, the techniques could be … fuel poverty among households with and without access to electricity, and we assess whether access to electricity for those … who do not have access currently would eliminate the observed difference in fuel poverty between the two groups of …

The evaluation of the poverty impact and targeting performance of a given social program may depend on how other … simple yet theoretically sound method for allocating between various programs the overall poverty reduction obtained from a …

from household surveys, nor is it straightforward to observe them. Furthermore, quantities consumed and produced are often … quantity conversion factors from household expenditure data. We use panel data from rural Ethiopia to illustrate the approach … the conclusions about poverty changes over time are significantly affected by using less appropriate strategies to convert …

household income the hypothetical non-discriminatory wage of working females. Finally, poverty and inequality levels of observed …Using data from the European Community Household Panel Survey (ECHP), the authors analyze the effects of gender wage … gap on household income distribution in Spain. The empirical approach consists of three steps. First, the individual wage …

in absolute poverty and a rise in inequality within and between countries. The issue is thus not whether to participate …

specifically to assess its impact on poverty, and do this through small-sample surveys on four microfinance institutions, two urban … and two rural, using a range of poverty concepts: income (generated both through the borrower's enterprise and through the … early: collapse back into poverty is associated with multiple crises and the failure of one or more 'safety nets', in …

consistency properties. The class encompasses some widely used income inequality and poverty measures, in particular the variance …, the Gini index, the poverty rate, the average poverty gap ratios, the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index, and the Sen index and …

Uncertainty and unpredictability faced by low-income households increase their vulnerability making poverty even more … as a way of combating poverty. This paper investigates whether or not SHG participation results in reducing poverty and …. Going beyond the traditional poverty estimates, we use a vulnerability measure which quantifies the welfare loss associated …