This WTO working paper studies availability and affordability of new and innovative pharmaceuticals in a post-TRIPS era … finds that introduction of product patent for pharmaceuticals in the patent law has a positive effect on launch likelihood … pharmaceuticals are launched sooner than non-innovative ones, irrespective of the patent regime in the local market. Using a panel …

an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect … witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time … pharmaceutical firms, between patent portfolio and profit margins. …

not achieve their goal of democratizing access to vaccines. In this sense, the current TRIPS (Agreement on Trade …

-effects regressions, this study yields robust results. National patent protection alone does not stimulate domestic innovation, as …This paper evaluates the effects of patent protection on pharmaceutical innovations for twenty-six countries that … established pharmaceutical patent laws during 1978-2002. Controlling for country characteristics through matched sampling …