assesses these approaches along with the factors related to informality-formality trade-off and the issue of formalisation as a …

. The industry equilibrium is compared to one in which informality is prohibited. With relatively high product demand, the … effect of entrepreneurs being free to choose informality is that consumer surplus and total employment are reduced, but … also show that informality may be a built-in stabilizer or destabilizer. …

formal andinformal status. Thus we explore issues such as how informality may enable anentrepreneur to test the profitability …. Also,we show that financial constraints can interact with the option of informality to induceentry. …

informality in the global North and document the diverse trajectories that informal processes may take. My analysis reveals that … informal and semi-formal solutions are not simply ‘tolerated’ or ‘overlooked’ by the state, but co-produced by urban dwellers …