across U.S. manufacturing establishments. We find that robotics adoption and robot intensity (the number of robots per … we call Robot Hubs, have far more robots than one would expect even after accounting for industry and manufacturing …We use data from the Annual Survey of Manufactures to study the characteristics and geography of investments in robots …

suggest that higher penetration of industrial robots in the local labor market is positively related to the health of the low …-skilled population. A ten percent increase in robots per 1,000 workers is associated with an approximately 10% reduction in the fraction …

cost of lower wages. The negative impact of robots on individual earnings arises mainly for medium-skilled workers in …We study the impact of rising robot exposure on the careers of individual manufacturing workers, and the equilibrium … impact across industries and local labor markets in Germany. We find no evidence that robots cause total job losses, but they …