We measure the impact of municipal policies requiring governments to construct green buildings on private-sector adoption of the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standard. Using matching methods, panel data, and instrumental variables, we find...

This paper studies how firms reorganize following diversification. We propose that firms use outsourcing, or vertical dis-integration, to reduce scope-induced governance costs that arise following diversification. We also consider the source of scope diseconomies, and argue that different...

How much are we influenced by an author's identity? If identity matters, is it because we have a "taste for status" or because it offers a useful shortcut - a signal that is correlated with the likely importance of their ideas? This paper presents evidence from a natural experiment that took...

This paper studies how firms reorganize after diversifying into related businesses. Specifically, we propose that outsourcing is one way to reduce the coordination costs that arise in multidivisional firms. We, also, examine the mechanisms underlying coordination costs, and show how alternative...

This paper studies how firms reorganize after diversifying into related businesses. Specifically, we propose that outsourcing is one way to reduce the coordination costs that arise in multi-divisional firms. We, also, examine the mechanisms underlying coordination costs, and show how alternative...

Entrepreneurs often rely on intellectual property (IP) to earn a return on their innovations, and also compatibility standards, which allow them to supply specialized components for a shared technology platform. This paper compares the IP strategies of small entrepreneurs and large incumbents...

Chronically ill patients currently consume a significant share of the U.S. health system's resources and are a rapidly growing segment of the overall population. Disease Management (DM) programs identify high-risk patients among the chronically ill, encourage them to take better care of...

Voluntary Standard Setting Organizations (SSOs) use a consensus process to create new compatibility standards. Practitioners have suggested that SSOs are increasingly "politicized" and perhaps incapable of producing timely standards. This paper develops a simple model of standard setting...

A growing body of research uses patent citations to analyze economic phenomena, and many of these papers are interested in the distribution of citations over the life of a patent. However, this question leads directly to the age-year-cohort identification problem, i.e. co-linearity between the...