This paper investigates how the disclosure tone of earnings conference calls predicts future stock price crash risk. Using U.S. public firm earnings conference call transcripts from 2010 to 2015, we find that firms exhibiting more pessimistic tone during the current year-end call experience...

The I/B/E/S Guidance (IG) database is commonly used by scholars studying corporate issued guidance, but recent research suggests it fails to fully capture guidance actually provided by firms. We extract the contents of over 23,000 Refinitiv Guidance Reports (GR), which contain a detailed history...

This paper investigates whether and how the disclosure tone of earnings conference calls predicts future stock price crash risk. Using US public firms’ conference call transcripts from 2010 to 2015, we find that firms with less optimistic tone of year-end conference calls experience higher...

We examine whether political forces in Chinese State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) influence audit reporting, and in particular the disclosure of Key Audit Matters (KAMs). We test two competing predictions that offer alternative explanations for the relation between SOEs and KAMs disclosures. Using a...