Economists have long considered issues of spatial economic activity, trade, and location values. Among all the various theories presented over the past century, it is safe to say that not one predicts that goods, services, or factors of production must attain the same value at different...

Mathematical programming models, as typically formulated for international trade applications, may contain certain implied restrictions limiting price responsiveness, intermediate product flows, and arbitrage possibilities. These restrictions are especially important in the case of dairy, and...

Mathematical programming models, as typically formulated for international trade applications, may contain certain implied restrictions which lead to solutions which can be shown to be technically infeasible, or if feasible, then not actually an equilibrium. An alternative formulation is...

The difficulty of reliably and accurately incorporating tariffrate quotas (TRQs) into trade models has received a lot of attention in recent years. As a result of the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations, TRQs replaced an assortment of tariff and nontariff instruments in an effort to standardise...