Defining and measuring progress in adaptation are important questions for climate adaptation science, policy, and practice. Here, we assess the progress of urban adaptation planning in 327 European cities between 2005 and 2020 using three ‘ADAptation plan Quality Assessment’ indices, called...

From farm to fork, food and beverage consumption can have significant negative impacts on energy consumption, water consumption, climate change, and other environmental subsystems. The paper presents a comprehensive, critical and systematic review of more than 350,000 sources of evidence, and a...

Through the long-distance transmission of electric energy, global interconnected power grids have become promising for the decarbonization of the power systems nowadays. However, the implementation of an extremely large-scale system may be controversial because practical examples are rare. In...

The Irish government set a target in 2008 that 10% of all vehicles in the transport fleet be powered by electricity by 2020. Similar electric vehicle targets have been introduced in other countries. In this study the effects of 213,561 electric vehicles on the operation of the single wholesale...