product groups from Russia. The European Union may follow suit and enact sanctions on Russia that mirror the U.S. sanctions in … they would inflict on Russia welfare losses of at least $575 million per year – at an overall cost of $82 million to EU … particularly large welfare losses to Russia and/or high welfare gains to the EU. On the other hand, mirror sanctions would bring …

How much do financial sanctions harm the sanctioned economy? We appeal to the case of Russia which provides a valid …) approach based on daily changes in the yield-to-maturity of Russia's US Dollar-denominated sovereign bonds. We provide a … microeconomic foundation for the sign restriction approach by exploiting the syndicated loan deals in Russia. Our HFI …

Turkey's economy is closely linked to Russia's. Economic and trade relations are the driving force of Russian …-Turkish relations. These relations include Turkish companies operating in Russia, large sums that Russian tourists spend at Turkish …-missile systems. Despite close economic cooperation with Russia, Turkey is simultaneously looking for ways to eliminate dependence on …

Since the annexation of Crimea in 2014, Russia has been under an EU sanctions regime. While these sanctions have not … Russia’s ability to wage war. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the sanctions and argues that the EU should …

purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia …

purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia …

hegemonic order theory, we provide tentative, yet comprehensive, insights into Russia’s military incursion. We further discuss … that the United States (US) is likely to be an important resource player that will, to a certain extent, side-line Russia …'s gas exports to Europe. Also, countries that primarily trade with Russia and which have refrained from imposing sanctions …

-controlled banks were not all equally recognized as potential sanction targets …