Russia after the invasion of Ukraine. 61% of respondents think that firms should exit Russia, regardless of the consequences …. Only 37% think that leaving Russia is a purely business decision. If a firm does not conform with these desires, 66% of the …

purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia …

period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods - COVID-19 and the war between Russia and … trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia, …

Russia. Our approximated effects are within the range of existing estimates, but they mask vast asymmetries. First, the … effects of sanctions are about fifteen times larger on Russia than on Europe. Second, the effects within Europe are enormously … substitute markets and are in fact highly dependent on Russia. We show that this extreme dependence on Russia is at least partly …

This article evaluates the possible effects of the 11th package of sanctions against Russia in the context of the … Russia-Ukraine war on Azerbaijan. This study is important because Russia is one of Azerbaijan's main trade partners and … Russia, although these sanctions have had their effect, Russia has managed to reduce the impact of sanctions by increasing …

coordination remains unclear. Analyzing the 2014 wave of sanctions against Russia over 400,000 simulations with a quantitative … welfare losses incurred from sanctions and intensified welfare losses imposed on Russia. Results also reveal significant … disparities within the coalition, with Russia sanctions placing relatively high economic costs on Baltic nations that can be …

We examine Russian imports since a coalition of countries imposed sanctions on exports to Russia. As Russia no longer …) utilizing a difference-in-difference approach. Our dataset covers exports to Russia at the HS6-level of disaggregation from 26 … sanctioning and 14 non-sanctioning countries during 2018-2023. We find that the exports of sanctioning countries to Russia fell …

Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022 and led many companies to apply sanctions in Russia. This paper uses this … sanctions. Our results indicate that firms with such capital are significantly more likely to apply sanctions in Russia. The … likelihood of applying sanctions in Russia increases by 19.2 percentage points for firms with a business relationship in Russia …

product groups from Russia. The European Union may follow suit and enact sanctions on Russia that mirror the US sanctions in … they would inflict on Russia welfare losses of at least $996 million per year - at an overall cost of $150 million to EU … particularly large welfare losses for Russia and/or high welfare gains for the EU. On the other hand, mirror sanctions would bring …

period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods - COVID-19 and the war between Russia and … trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia. …