The paper provides a cost-based explanation for decision makers' reluctance to use fraud prediction models, particularly as these models have nearly doubled their success at identifying fraud (true positive rates) when compared to the initial models in Beneish (1997, 1999). We estimate the costs...

I examine whether a reversal of an abnormal cut in discretionary investments is associated with the degree to which the cut is reflective of real earnings management (REM) and whether and how it predicts future operating performance. I define a reversal as occurring when a firm cuts...

This study investigates the impact of equity market competition on stock price crash risk. Higher levels of equity market competition lead to a faster incorporation of information into stock prices, so that the amount of information that is at any time impounded into prices is greater. I find...

This study examines how analyst forecast behavior varies over the firm life cycle. While mispricing by investors and firms' visibility concerns could increase both the supply and demand for analyst services in early-stage firms, forecasting difficulty and limited visibility could in contrast...

This study examines the relation between firm life cycle and stock price crash risk. Consistent with the argumentation that heterogeneity in investor beliefs about firm fundamental values is highest during the introduction and growth stage, we find that crash risk peaks in these stages....

We hypothesize that firms are less likely to disclose information regarding a material negative economic event for which the firm is likely to be blamed than for a negative economic event for which the firm is likely to be perceived as blameless. We identify 383 material negative economic events...