We provide a justification for why and when endogeneity will not cause a major bias in the interpretation of the coefficients in a regression model. We give detailed mathematical steps so that our results are instructive to a wide audience. This technique can be a viable alternative or even used...

Since identification, instrumental variables and variables exclusion, core concepts in econometrics, are entwined, several questions arise: How is identification related to the existence of IVs? How are identification criteria related to omitted variables? Is omission/inclusion of variables from...

In this chapter, we trace the history of how endogeneity came to be recognized as an important issue in marketing analysis and the widespread adoption of methods to address endogeneity. To quantify the rise of econometric methods for addressing endogeneity in marketing, we begin with a...

Since identification, instrumental variables and variables exclusion, core concepts in econometrics, are entwined, several questions arise: How is identification related to the existence of IVs? How are identification criteria related to omitted variables? Is omission/inclusion of variables from...

The fields of Political Economy and Input-Output economics are commonly unrelated due to the discrepancy between the qualitative and quantitative analysis in economic science. With the aim to overcome this separation, this paper relates the basic model of Production of Commodities by Means of...

In 1931 Ragnar Frisch became professor at the University of Oslo. By way of his research, a new study programme and new staff he created the ”Oslo School”, characterised by mathematical modelling, econometrics, economic planning and scepticism towards the market economy. Consequently,...

D. Patinkin and R.W. Clower belong to the first criticists of the model IS-LM, and they have revealed its theoretical weaknesses. It was in the half of the sixties of the 20 century, i. e. at the time when there was nobody to make the effectiveness of the Keynes's policies dubious. These...

The present study is, in particular, an attempt to test the relationship between tax level and political stability by using some economic control variables and to see the relationship among government effectiveness, corruption, and GDP. For the purpose, we used the Vector Autoregression (VAR)...

Over the past decade randomized field experiments have gained prominence in the toolbox of economics and policy making. Yet randomization enthusiasts have paid little attention to the ethical issues, economic costs, and theoretical difficulties caused by the so called randomization principle....

Network-Centric Meaning-Driven Human-Centric AI-Cyber Computing Beyond Data-Driven to Event-Driven Architectures for Quantum Uncertainty, 1995-2023:Building upon the contextual focus of current global worldwide discussions on GPT, ChatGPT, GenAI, Generative AI, Large Language Model - LLMs, we...