The paper examines the volatility predictive ability of the CBOE crude oil volatility index (OVX), GARCH and Stochastic Volatility Models in the crude oil market. Specifically, the dynamics of two major crude oil pricing benchmarks - Brent in Europe and WTI in America are compared. OVX index is...

We investigate linkages between three different markets: renewable energy (represented by a range of renewable energy ETFs); traditional energy (represented by crude oil ETF); and common stocks (represented by the S&P 500 Index ETF). We use daily data from 2008 to 2021. The econometric framework...

Pakistan is presently in the phase of industrialization and urbanization, which is characterized by rigid energy demand and supply. This plays an imperative role in the economy, but the carbon dioxide emissions (CO2Es) from fossil fuels increases. As per research objectives, the current study...

Financial structure is the primary director of economic activity in a capitalist society, it also has an important societal role in encouraging investments that are beneficial to the natural and human ecosystems. To accomplish this objective, this study addresses the unattended symmetric...

Due to economic development, fossil fuel consumption has steadily increased in all sectors of the Bangladeshi economy. Bangladesh’s government remains committed to the Paris Agreement, which calls for a 2 0 C reduction in carbon emissions. This study examines the impact of Bangladesh’s oil,...