In their studies, Loughran, Ritter, and Rydqvist (1994), Fan, Wong, and Zhang (2007), Chi and Padgett (2005) as well as Ritter (1991) show differences in the regional characteristics of underpricing and overpricing in initial public offerings (IPOs). Our study analysis the regional differences...

To build high quality datasets and unlock the value of unstructured data, a systematic approach for data capture is necessary. Cognitive automation (CA), that is, automation of processes with arti¯cial intelligence (AI), enables the information extraction from unstructured data to provide...

Football companies (equivalent to professional sport teams) are increasingly challenged with raising capital. However, future athletic success is highly uncertain and associated cash flows are difficult to predict which makes it difficult to attract investors. An alternative financing instrument...

The success of trading strategies that lead to abnormal excess returns based on annual/monthly investment periods has recently declined significantly. We adopt the original frameworks of De Bondt and Thaler (J Finance 40(3):793–808, 1985) and Jegadeesh and Titman (J Finance 48(1):65–91,...