In two natural experiments based on H-1B visa lotteries and a drastic cut in the annual H-1B visa quota, we document that firms respond to shortages in high-skilled workers by acquiring target firms that have these workers. Additional tests show that desire for the target's skilled labor is an...

We examine the role of high-skilled foreign labor in VC-backed startups through two natural experiments. First, we show that winning more H-1B visas in random lotteries enhances VC-backed startups' financial performance, likelihood of going public, and quantity and quality of innovation. Second,...

Using random H-1B visa lotteries as a natural experiment, we document that firms respond to shortages of high-skilled workers by acquiring firms that have such workers and own negligible amounts of tangible assets. Additional tests show that desire for the targets’ skilled labor is an...

We examine whether VC-backed startups respond to R&D tax incentives by attempting to scale R&D activities through employment. We exploit a provision of the PATH Act of 2015, which allows qualified small businesses to offset payroll taxes with R&D tax credits, and show that marginally eligible...

I show that mature patent-practicing firms respond to windfall profits derived from exogenously extended patent protection time by engaging in external patent acquisitions that diversify their patent portfolios into new technologies. By exploiting the random timing of patent term expiry dates...

We exploit a quasi-natural experiment to identify the importance of professional connections in determining a firm's board composition. At the individual level, directors who share work experiences with the executives/directors of bankrupt firms experience on average a 6-percentage-point decline...

We exploit a quasi-natural experiment to identify the importance of professional connections in determining a firm's board composition. At the individual level, directors who share work experiences with the executives/directors of bankrupt firms experience on average a 6-percentage-point decline...