Previous studies have overlooked hidden ownership in their analysis, which could result in biased findings. This research utilizes unique data sources to uncover hidden ownership patterns and employs ordinary least square regression to investigate the relationship between hidden ownership and...

Research Question/Issue: Does inside debt compensation affect previous thought on compensation effects in IPOs? What explains variation in compensation when a company goes public? What is the composition of CEO compensation in an IPO? What types of compensation may be more optimal for or are...