In this article, we use post-Sarbanes--Oxley Act (SOX) restating sample companies to examine the effect of leverage on the probability of restatements. We also explore whether the level of board independence for restating firms has an impact on the probability of restatements. We further analyse...

This paper finds that after controlling for board composition, firms with larger cash constraints tend to grant stock options to managers as performance rewards. The interaction item between cash constraint shortfall and past stock returns performance is positively related to stock option grant....

We first investigate the relationship among a company's information transparency, idiosyncratic risk, and return of its convertible bonds. The effects of a company's idiosyncratic risk on its equity's value volatility and its credit risk are also examined. The findings indicate that when a...

This paper first examines the effects of value relevance of earnings and incremental value relevance of cash flows on net external financing, net equity financing and net debt financing. The investors, in general, suffer beta risk and idiosyncratic risk of a firm. The former is the main...