This paper constructs a culturally appropriate model for Muslim women's empowerment in management and leadership …, as well as national and cultural differences from Western women's empowerment models. The approach to model building … begins with two sources of evidence for women's empowerment-first, the empowerment of women recognised in the Qur'an and …

Greater legal equality between men and women is associated with a narrower gender gap in opportunities and outcomes …, fewer female workers in positions of vulnerable employment, and greater political representation for women. While legal … equality is on average associated with better outcomes for women, the experience of individual countries may differ …