This paper looks into institutional and other macro determinants of prevalence of informal dependent employment, as … well as informal self-employment, in European countries, using European Social Survey data on work without legal contract … has a significant negative impact on prevalence of both types of informal employment. The share of non …

The main aim of this article is to point out the possible measures of how to improve the study of informal employment … are suitable for indicating the prevalence of informal employment. Firstly, we present the most popular definitions of … informal employment, secondly we show the existing research on informal employment in Poland, and thirdly we assess the …

We propose a new approach to detect and quantify informal employment resulting from irregular migration shocks … quality. The shock resulted in a 6% increase in informal employment, equivalent to one undeclared worker for every three farms …