This paper employs the GMM estimator to empirically investigate the effects of Japanese international reserves on Yen … internationalization from 1976 through 2009 by specifying the regression benchmark based on the long-run determinants of Yen … internationalization with economic power, Yen appreciation, financial market development, inflation and currency inertia. We find that the …

Yen's exchange rate volatility and the once-in-100-year international financial crisis as well as Japan's lower interest … degree of Yen internationalization from 1976 through 2009 by specifying the regression benchmark based on the long …-run determinants of Yen internationalization with economic power, financial market development, Yen appreciation, inflation and …