This Selected Issues paper examines the competitiveness of Croatia's goods exports and predicts its goods export diversification potential. The paper also discusses the goods export competitiveness using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) with cross-country comparison and uses a...

The 2003 Article IV Consultation discusses that Croatia posted another year of strong economic growth in 2022, among the highest in the Eurozone. Economic growth is expected to moderate to 2.4 percent in 2023. Weak external demand, tightening financial conditions and still high global...

This Selected Issues paper analyzes wage and inflation dynamics in Denmark. High profit margins contributed to growth in the gross domestic product deflator. Historical evidence suggests that the contribution from wages to price deflators will likely pick up. Nominal wage growth in Denmark has...

The 2023 Article IV Consultation discusses that the Danish economy recovered strongly from the pandemic. Economic activity is set to soften in the first half of 2023, followed by a gradual recovery. Denmark's recovery from the pandemic was impressive, but strong output and employment growth has...

The 2023 Article IV Consultation discusses that the Icelandic economy has shown remarkable resilience and rebounded quickly from the multiple shocks in recent years. The economy is currently operating well above potential, which, together with high import and house prices, has pushed inflation...

This Selected Issues paper reviews inflation in Portugal, recent trends, drivers and risks. While below average euro area (EA) levels, inflation has been strongly correlated with the rest of the EA. Inflation picked up slowly in 2022H1, reflecting delayed pass through from international...

This 2023 Article IV Consultation with Portugal discusses that the economy sustained its dynamic recovery from the pandemic into 2022. Growth is projected to soften for the rest of the year to average 2.6 percent in 2023 and 1.8 percent in 2024. Inflation is expected to continue to ease over...

This 2023 Article IV Consultation discusses that Israel's impressive economic performance continued in 2022. Economic activity is expected to decelerate in 2023, and thereafter converge toward its potential. IMF staff projects economic growth to slow to about 2.5 percent in 2023, as households'...

This paper presents Republic of Kosovo's Request for Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) and an Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF). The SBA is expected to be precautionary and will provide liquidity in case downside risks materialize, including from Russia's war in...

This Selected Issues paper on Switzerland focuses on assessing Swiss National Bank (SNB) balance sheet changes in 2022. This paper clarifies the main underlying drivers, discusses potential implications, or lack thereof, on monetary and fiscal policies, and assesses the SNB's financial...