We analyse various pathways through which access to electricity affects fertility, using a pseudo-panel of Indonesian … results suggest that the subsequent effects on fertility account for about 18 to 24 percent of the overall decline in the … fertility rate, depending on the specification. A key channel through which electrification affects fertility is increased …

This study discusses fertility trends and variation in countries that have completed the transition from high to around …-replacement fertility in the 1950s-1980s - especially in Europe, East Asia and North America - and summarises the key findings that are … relevant for the countries with a more recent experience of fertility declines towards replacement level. A central finding is …

We review the foundations of the economic development-contraception nexus, focusing on the pathways through which … economic factors drive contraceptive adoption and change. We investigate the channels through which the relationship between … economic development and contraceptive dynamics are mediated. Using global data, we document the correlations between economic …

A consensus among social scientists is that fertility rates in Africa are declining. What determines these declines? I … present fresh evidence that shows education, especially for women, is an important determinant of the fertility transition in … capita and child mortality on fertility rates are non-robust and inconsistent with the predictions of the unified growth …

This paper studies the dynamics of fertility in 180 countries in the period 1950-2015 and investigates the determinants … of the onset of fertility transitions. We find evidence of convergence in three groups of countries, and distinguish the … transitioning countries from those not transitioning. The estimation of the year of onset of the fertility transition is followed by …

deaths due to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. This suggests that expanding contraceptive access could help close the infant …

This paper documents an important unintended consequence of expanding contraceptive access; namely that it creates … variation in contraceptive access to demonstrate that it reduced the rates of both extremely preterm births and infant mortality …