agricultural mechanization and scale production on labour productivity and the generation of income for farmers. Cross … employed. The study found that the average rice planting workforce and labour productivity have an inverse relationship with … labour productivity of the farmers varied by mechanization level (ML) and farm size while different levels of Machinery Owned …

labour or the shift of family labour to more productive tasks could raise productivity. This finding calls into question a …This paper investigates the impact of labour force composition on productivity in EU arable farming. We test for … heterogeneous effects of family and hired labour for a set of five EU member states. To this end, we estimate augmented production …