competition towards competition based on technical inventions, a worldwide surge in patenting took place, and the 'patent thicket … manufacturing in 2000, it turns out that patents are important to protect intellectual property in the market, whereas secrecy seems …

lobbying on energy innovation and finds that they significantly affect the incentives to innovate and create cleaner energy …

innovation. While previous studies have often considered patents and trade secrets as substitutes for one another, we investigate …This paper tests a number of hypotheses on the use and effectiveness of patents and trade secrets designed to protect … the complementary role of the two protection methods. We identify protection strategies for single innovation firms and …