Emission reduction is expected to increase companies’ competitiveness; however, this postulate is still debatable. On one side, the reduction is believed to reduce costs from inefficiency, but companies need expensive investment that may increase the costs of capital. The Indonesian government...

This paper examines the drivers of private investment in renewable energy by source of funding for 13 global economies over the period 2008 to 2018, with a focus on a sub-panel of Asian economies. Using a seemingly unrelated regression model, this paper provides a first quantitative estimate of...