security and guarantee employment in the mining regions. In Poland, the hard coal mining industry is currently undergoing a …The hard coal mining industry in the European Union (EU) is in decline, mostly due to a lack of price competitiveness … determine the influence of state aid on the competitiveness of the hard coal mining industry in 12 countries of the EU …

Poland has by far the highest hard coal production of any country in the European Union and hard coal will continue to … play a crucial role regarding energy security for Poland. Most importantly, hard coal can reduce both the price and supply … risks for Poland associated with oil and gas imports. Poland has a number of low cost mines with good quality coal where …

apply the model to the archetypical fossil industry - coal mining. Based on the universe of German coal employment … security in coal drive welfare costs. We distinguish welfare costs by age, education and business cycle. High-educated workers … aged 31-49 face highest losses. Based on a detailed demographic projection, we estimate that advancing coal exit from 2038 …