In this paper we study the causal impact of police on crime by looking at what happened to crime before and after the … identifies a causal impact of police on crime. Implementing an instrumental variable approach shows an elasticity of crime with … respect to police of approximately -0.3, so that a 10 percent increase in police activity reduces crime by around 3 percent …

In December 2014 and January 2015, police officers in New York City engaged in an organized slowdown of police work to … protest the murder of two police officers who were targeted by a gunman while sitting in their patrol car. An influential 2017 … that proactive policing can cause an increase in crime. We re-evaluate this claim and point out several fatal weaknesses in …

Russian police, prosecutors, and judges have largely ignored this new weapon in their legal arsenal. … Russia -- 2. The Human Trafficking Laws -- 3. Law Enforcement's Institutional Machinery and the Criminal Process -- 4. The … -- Conclusion -- Appendix A: Methodology -- Appendix B: Official Russian Law Enforcement Statistics on Human Trafficking Crimes …

In this paper we study the causal impact of police on crime by looking at what happened to crime before and after the … identifies a causal impact of police on crime. Implementing an instrumental variable approach shows an elasticity of crime with … respect to police of approximately -0.3, so that a 10 percent increase in police activity reduces crime by around 3 percent …

Policy makers often try to optimize local law enforcement by reorganizing police forces. We study the effects of police … reallocation via station closures on municipal crime by exploiting a quasi-experiment where a centrally administered reform … substantially reduced the number of police stations. Combining a matching strategy with an event-study design, we do not find …

corruption. We compare the influences of latent enforcement (police, judicial, and prosecutorial employment) versus actual …Adding a new dimension to determinants of corruption, this paper examines the effectiveness of enforcement in reducing … enforcement (conviction rates) and enforcing institutions. Results based on data for more than 80 countries show that piecemeal …