We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …

We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …

We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …

people at the lower end of income distribution will graduate into the middle class category. The increase in poverty rates …

The isograph methodology is developed here with associated distributions, indicators of inequality, additional results … inequality analyses with a larger conceptualization of "morphology of inequality," not reduced to a Gini (or the like) measure. …

recent reduction in poverty is owing to the maturing of the National Pension. - Public pension benefits 76% of the … ratio is low, and 2 that is mainly responsible for the old-age poverty. - Households with public pension are 44.6% likely to …"The maturing of the National Pension scheme has helped improve income distribution recently, but its effect has been …

supply ; retirement ; minimum pension ; pure income effect ; poverty ; difference-in-differences ; regression discontinuity … many development issues such as poverty reduction and social security, and despite the fact that population ageing will … threefold increase in the legal minimum pension on labor supply and retirement behaviour at older ages. Applying difference …

In 2013, Mexico's Social Pension Program for the Elderly was expanded by changing its eligibility threshold from age 70 … exogenous variation around eligibility age was exploited to uncover the causal effects of this expansion on extreme poverty and …-experimental methods, results show that the expansion of Mexico's Social Pension Program for the Elderly not only reduced the probability …