This paper presents evidence on actual collusive agreements from the late 19th Century iron and steel industry in Spain. We examine the minutes of the executive boards of two Basque firms, Altos Hornos de Bilbao and Vizcaya, to discuss the relevance of different factors on survival and failure...

Each search term put into a search engine produces a separate set of results. Correspondingly, each of the sets of ads displayed alongside these results is priced using a separate auction. Search engine advertising prices therefore reflect willingness to pay for context, unlike traditional ad...

Italian industry continues to specialise in traditional industries. This is a source of concern for some observers who argue that this kind of specialisation overexpose Italian manufacturing to the competition of low cost producers, especially those located in emerging economies. We verify how...

In this paper, we analyze the effects of trade, concentration and ownership on the pricing behavior of firms in two transition countries, Bulgaria and Romania. We use an extensive dataset of more than 3000 firms and sector level information to estimate the effects of these three factors on the...

This paper estimates how anti-dumping (AD) protection affects the market power of firms. To this end, we use a rich panel data set of 1,666 EU producers that were involved in AD cases initiated in 1996 to estimate markups of price over marginal cost. Our findings indicate that markups in most...

Non-competitive conduct can be assessed by estimating the size of the markup or Lerner index achieves in a market. The markup implies a price elasticity of demand faced by the representative firm. For a given markup, non-competitive conduct that is insensitive to the value of the monopoly. To...

The effects of the Pension Fund Managers (PFMs) behavior on the foreign exchange market may be important, given the increasing size of their portfolio and their possible market power. Some authors argue that when big investors like PFMs trade large volumes in the foreign exchange market, they...

The effects of the Pension Fund Managers (PFM) behavior on the Foreign Exchange (FX) market may be important, given the size of their portfolio and their possible market power. Some authors argue that when big investors like PFM trade large vol-umes in the FX market, they may infl uence other...

This paper overviews the main interactions between product market competition and long-run growth. We start with the first generation of R&D-based growth models and keep distinct the vertical from the horizontal differentiation approaches. Our main objective here is to study why these two...

We analyse vertical contracts between manufacturers and a common retailer in a channel including the uptstream input market. The oligopsonistic behavior of manufacturers on the ustream market provides a new explanation for predatory accomodation. With two-parts tariff, we show that joint profit...