A vibrant and effective competition law framework is essential for the growth of any economy. It helps in regulating a fair market devoid of any anti-competitive practices that cause harm to the customers as well as the business. Competition law is an essential tool to maintain balance in the...

In determine Corporate Tax Residency most advanced countries use place of effective management, sometimes along with the place of incorporation as a criterion for defining the residence of a company. This article aims to analyze the tests that are used to determine corporate tax residency in...

Worldwide, the role of Capital market development in stimulating economic growth has attracted a lot of scholar’s attentions, with several studies conducted to ascertain the relationship between capital market development and economic growth. As much as I can tell the link between capital...

In determine Corporate Residency most advanced countries use the place of effective management, sometimes along with the place of incorporation, as the criterion for defining the residence of a company, the United States uses the place of incorporation as the sole criterion. This formalistic and...

Afghanistan is the 36th Least Developed Country (LDC) member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It is a land locked country yet deliberately situated at the heart of Silk Road which even today can fill in as the center point of trade and transit of Central Asia and South Asia. It is accepted...

Today Afghanistan faces different uncertainties and difficulties. Heavy burden is imposed by COVID 19 which has brought about decline in the economy, public finances and investments. Revenues have been significantly lost because of lockdown measures which prompted closing of trade avenues within...

Video games raise various legal questions and challenges for the IPR system, mainly due to the complexity and segmentation of the game and there is some particular problem with a particular video like trademark registration, and copyrighted content directly such as sound effects. The current...

This study provides that copyright exhaustion serves an important social function of reducing the cost of information costs. Without it, buyers will be required to waste time and resources inquiring about their ability to resell copyrighted work. Because resale rights are generally regarded as...

Accession to the World trade organization provided Afghanistan a platform to resolve its transit-related problems via this organization. The assessment of the impact of the World trade organization agreement can result in a dynamic capability that enables the country to respond to uncertain and...

Recently, the Delhi High Court delineates and circumscribes the scope of liability of Credit Ratings Agencies in the case of Jindal Power Limited v. ICRA Limited. The HC remarkably enumerated the grounds on which companies can challenge ratings issued by CRAs. The Court reasoned that CRAs...