The conflict between Russia and Ukraine that started in March 2014 resulted in bilateral economic sanctions imposed by … Russia and Western countries, including the members of the euro area (EA). The paper investigates the impact of sanctions on … the real side of the economy of Russia and the EA. Using an index that measures intensity of sanctions the effects of …

conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The impact of the conflict on Russia may have been amplified by sanctions imposed by … Western countries. However, as Russia is heavily dependent on exports of natural resources, the oil price decline starting in … rates, oil prices, actual and unanticipated sanctions, we provide evidence on the driving forces of the Ruble exchange rate …

legality of these sanctions has been challenged by Russia, but they are arguably justified under existing international law … sanctions. Sanctions can take the form of a unilateral or multilateral trade embargo, or targeted trade and financial sanctions …—such as the ones now being imposed by the United States, Europe, and others against Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. The …

How much do financial sanctions harm the sanctioned economy? We appeal to the case of Russia which provides a valid …-augmented macroeconomic estimates indicate that, in response to the first wave of sanctions, Russia’s GDP could have lost up to 3 … laboratory to study the effects of sanctions across time because of the three major waves of sanctions being sequentially imposed …

expand its presence in the Russian market. The sanctions imposed against Russia caused a global increase in energy prices … depreciating, the financial crisis is deepening, and unemployment is growing. In turn, Russia may impose economic sanctions against …Turkey's economy is closely linked to Russia's. Economic and trade relations are the driving force of Russian …

Since the annexation of Crimea in 2014, Russia has been under an EU sanctions regime. While these sanctions have not … Russia’s ability to wage war. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the sanctions and argues that the EU should … maintain and tighten sanctions, thus further weakening the military and economic power of the Putin regime. …

Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022 and led many companies to apply sanctions in Russia. This paper uses this … sanctions. Our results indicate that firms with such capital are significantly more likely to apply sanctions in Russia. The … likelihood of applying sanctions in Russia increases by 19.2 percentage points for firms with a business relationship in Russia …

product groups from Russia. The European Union may follow suit and enact sanctions on Russia that mirror the US sanctions in … particularly large welfare losses for Russia and/or high welfare gains for the EU. On the other hand, mirror sanctions would bring …As part of its sanctions regime, the United States recently announced the imposition of punitive import tariffs on 570 …

's gas exports to Europe. Also, countries that primarily trade with Russia and which have refrained from imposing sanctions … hegemonic order theory, we provide tentative, yet comprehensive, insights into Russia’s military incursion. We further discuss … the analysis suggests that the efficacy of the economic sanctions will depend on a variety of factors, it is envisaged …